Over 6.25 crore Class X and XII CBSE Mark Sheets, Passing Certificates and Migration Certificates of over 2.60 crore students from year 2004 onwards are now available in digital format to CBSE students through DigiLocker. In 2005, Mary Margaret Gibson published The Kaleidoscope Collector’s Guide. In it she included the biographies and history of the work of over 150 kaleidoscope artists, and information about collecting the art form of the kaleidoscope.
Preamble:
Fashion is dynamic and ever changing. It is one of the most powerful forces in our lives. It influences every facet of our lifestyle at a particular period in time e. g. The clothes we wear, the music we listen, the food we eat, where we go for holiday or the car we drive in etc.
Fashion is a big business and key driver for several industries e. g. Apparel, accessories, textiles, automobiles etc.
The purpose of the course ‘Fashion Studies’ is to tell the students about the fundamentals of fashion design. Fashion Design as a profession includes the entire process of designing and producing fashion apparels from the fibre and yarn stage to the finished product. The course will give an overview of fashion design and elaborate on different aspects like elements of design, history of fashion, fabrics, understanding of the body, pattern development and garment construction.
CLASS XI of Total Marks Theory: 70 Periods 180 and Practical: 30 Periods 60
Unit-I: Introduction to Fashion Studies-10 Marks and 30 Periods Objectives of the Course
- To learn appropriate fashion terminology
- To understand the fashion business
- To gain knowledge of the working and interrelationships of different industries and services that comprise fashion business
- To differentiate and appreciate the nuances of fashion terminology
Learning Outcome
After finishing the Learners woruld be able to:
- use appropriate terminology used in fashion world
- understand the interrelationship in fashion business
- get the overview of fashion
Course Content
- Fashion-definition of fashion in all its aspects.
- Style-the definition of style and differentiation from fashion.
- Trend-definition of the term, origin of trends and fashion.
- Similarities and differences between design, art and craft.
- The role of fashion professionals like designer, stylist, merchandiser and coordinator.
- Fashion Cycle, International Trade in Fashion.
- The various aspects of fashion business. Designing, manufacturing and retailing scenarios for apparel.
Methodology of teaching: Participative Illustrated lectures with slides and visuals
Reference Text:
Concept to consumer, by Gini Stephens Frigns Inside Fashion Business, by v. Jeanette A. Jarrow, Miriam Guerriro, Beatrice Judelle
Unit. II: Introduction to Fabrics-20 Marks and 50 Periods
Objectives of the course
- To initiate learners into the world of fabrics
- To introduce students to the origin and properties of natural, manmade and synthetic fibres and fabrics.
- To make students aware of spinning, weaving, knitting and bonding etc.
- To teach the students behavior of fabrics in terms of use and performance.
- To brief them about various finishes.
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- identify and differentiate between fabric varieties
- understand the various processes of fabric manufacturing
- understand the various kinds of finishes both of routine nature and special finishes that enhance performance and aesthetics of a fabric.
Course Content
- Use of fabrics for various categories of apparel.
- the characteristics and properties of natural, synthetic and manmade fibres and blends.
- Conversion of fibres into yarns and novelty yarns, difference between thread and yarn.
- Conversion of yarns into fabrics using looms & knitting machines etc. illustrated through actual fabric samples.
- different type of routine fabric finish as: Grey fabric to fully finished fabric.
- Performance finishes: Performance finishes and aesthetic finishes, enhancing properties of fabrics.
- Aesthetic finishes: Fabric finishes for value addition of the fabrics such as printing, embossing, dyeing etc.
- Product Cycle and the link between yarn, fabric and garment.
Teaching Methodology: Participative Illustrated lectures with slides and visuals along with actual fabric samples.
Reference Text: ‘Textiles’ by Sara Kadolph & Anna Langford
Essentials of Textiles, by Marjorie Joseph.
![Class Xii Kaleidoscope Guide Class Xii Kaleidoscope Guide](/uploads/1/2/5/6/125683562/540359889.jpg)
Unit-III: Elements of Design-20 Marks (Theory) and 80 Periods and 15 Marks (Practical)
Objectives of the course:
- To introduce the learners to the basic elements of design
- To increase and build sensitivity to the forms around them
- To develop and initialise a design vocabulary, an essential tool for practicing as designers
- To create visual images with a greater variety of methods and materials to promote skill based learning.
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- demonstrate enhanced ability and sensitivity to elements of design
- use their developed ability to observe finer details around them
- develop basic design language
- relate the elements of design to understand design process for their projects
Course Content
- Concept of design.
- Elements of design: Point, lines, colour, texture and forms.
- Line: As an important element of structure that determines the direction of visual interest in the context of a garment.
- Concept of 2D and 3D forms.
- Colour quality and intensity, relationship with other colours, textures and shapes.
- Selection of fabric for its appearance and texture-fibre, yarn, manufacturing technique, finish and colour.
- Texture:
- Concept of form: 2D and 3D forms
- Internatational among elements of a design.
- Principlesofdesign: Rhythm, Balance, Unity, Harmony, Proporations.
Selection and purchase of fabric: Its purpose, quality cost, reason, quantity required.
Teaching Methodology: Participative Illustrated lectures with slides, visuals and demonstrations wherever required.
Evaluation Criteria for Practicals
- Understanding of the assignment given
- Quality of the work submitted
- Daily assessment to be done after each student presents their work
- Marks would be given for level of improvement of work
- 10% marks to be given for punctuality, regularity and sincerity
- Timely completion of the project
Reference Text:
‘Grafix’ by Wolfganghageney
Repeat pattern-Peter Phillips, Gillian Bunce Design Elements 2-Richard Hora
Unit-IV: Elements of Garment Making 20 Marks (Theory) 80 Periods and 15 Marks (Practical)
Objectives of the course
- To Introduce learners to garment making
- To make them familiar with sewing machine and its parts
- To make them familiar with use of other sewing aids
- To teach them basic hand and machine stitches
- To teach them simple machine operations
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, learners would be able to:
- work on the sewing machine
- rectify simple problems of the machine
- stitch different seams on the machine
- finish edges with hand stitches
- make gathers, pleats and tucks on the fabric
Course Content
- Introduction to sewing machine, its various parts and functions along with other sewing aids.
- simple problems of sewing machine and its maintenance.
- straight and curved seams.
- Basic hand stitches-basting, hemming, back stitch, running stitch etc. With their end use.
- Basic machine seams plain seam French seam, flat fell, lapped etc.
- Fabric manipulation: Illustrative gathers, pleats and tucks etc.
Teaching Methodology: Illustrated lectures with slides, visuals and demonstrations where ever required.
Fashion Studies Practicals
Class-XI Practicals
- Exercises using elements of art like line, form, colour, texture, space etc. Following the principles of design
- Exercises on colour wheel, value chart, intersity chart, colour schemes
- Exercises on hand stitches-basting, running, hemming, back stitch and its variations
- Seams-plain, French, lapped, flat fell, Hongkong, eased and top stitched
- Gathers, pleats and tucks
- End term project
- Viva voce and portfolio
Evaluation Criteria
- Understanding of the assignment given
- Quality of the work submitted
- Daily assessment to be done after each student presents their work
- Marks would be given for level of improvement of work
- 10% marks to be given for punctuality, regularity and sincerity
- Timely completion of the project
Reference Text
Encyclopaedia of Dressmaking, by Marshall Cavendish Readers Digest book of Sewing, Encyclopedia of Sewing.
Class-XII Unit-I: History of Fashion 15 Marks and 40 Periods
Objectives of the Course
- To give an overview of the history of fashion from ancient civilisation through the ages to the present.
- To emphasise on the socio-economic and political factors influencing clothing and fashion.
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- understand the history of fashion through the ages
- be aware of origin of various trends
- differentiate the style of apparel in different cultures
- appreciate the differences that some of the important events have made on fashion
Course Content
Theories of clothing-protection, adornment, identification and ritualistic. Concept of fashion
- Body decoration, painting, scarification
- Draping-Greco-Roman, Indian and other continents
- Stitched garments-war uniforms, armours
- Comparison of western and oriental war uniforms
- Influence of world wars on fashion-post war fashion in its most primitive sense became generalized to larger groups of people as society became organized in classes each having a different role in economic, social and intellectual development.
- Influence of industrial revolution-twentieth century has witnessed a new situation with industrial revolution where textiles and clothes traditionally custom made are now being mass produced.
- Automation and the various technical and scientific developments shaping the finest classless society many centuries.
- Evolution of Indian fashion in the present century.
Teaching Methodology: Participative Illustrated lectures with slides and visuals Reference Text: Kaleidoscope of fashion, by Mehar Castilino Ancient Indian Costume, by RoshanAlkazi
Unit-II. Basic Pattern Development-20 Marks (Theory) and 80 Periods and 15 Marks (Practical)
Objectives of the Course
- To introduce students to the world of fashion designing through pattern development.
- To explain important skill that enable the designer to convert a design sketch into a three dimensional form.
- To develop basic blocks for bodice, sleeve and skirt.
- To understand and implement the concept of test fits and to convert paper patterns into muslin.
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- understand the basic skill of pattern making
- understand and appreciate the concept of fit and balance
- develop basic blocks from measurement charts
- test fit the pattern
- Develop patterns for simple designs using basic blocks
Course Content
- Methods of measuring body and dress form.
- Relationship of sizes and measurements.
- Tools of pattern making.
- Common terms used in pattern development.
- Introduction to Pattern Development for womens wear-how patterns are made and developed, the importance of fit and balance and methods of achieving it.
- Basic bodice-developed from the standard measurement chart and test fitted on the dress form.
- Marking the important details such as darts, seam allowances, notches, grain lines etc.
- Marking of garment details i.e.. Armholes, Necklines-V, U, round, boat, square.
- Develop basic sleeve block and set into the armhole of the basic bodice.
- Develop basic skirt block with one dart or two darts.
- Basic of collar development and drafting basic collars like Peter Pan and Chinese.
- Dart manipulation. The mechanism of shifting darts from one position to another or into a seam by slash and spread method.
Final product: Student will learn to develop patterns from basic blocks for simple designs for skirts and blouses.
Teaching Methodology: Participative Illustrated lectures with slides, visuals and demonstrations where ever required.
Evaluation Criteria
- Understanding of the assignment given
- Quality of the work submitted
- Daily assessment to be done after each student presents their work
- Marks would be given for level of improvement of work
- 10% marks to be given for punctuality, regularity and sincerity
- Timely completion of the project.
![Kaleidoscope class 12 answers Kaleidoscope class 12 answers](/uploads/1/2/5/6/125683562/563612994.jpg)
Practical to be assessed.
Reference Text, Pattern making by HelenArmstrong, Pattern making for women's wear by WinifredAldrich Pattern making by Pamela Stringer.
Unit. III: Elements of Fashion-15 Marks and 40 Periods
Objectives of the course
- To introduce students to the basic elements of fashion:
- To teach students about movement of fashion, fashion cycle, categories of clothing etc.
- To sensitise students about different items of garments in each category i.e.. Menswear, womenswear and chilrenswear
- To teach students the difference between high fashion and mass fashion
- To distinguish between custom made & ready to wear
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- understand the elements of fashion
- be aware of movement of fashion
- understand the fashion cycle
- know the various categories of menswear, womenswear and childrenswear
- understand the difference between hi-fashion & mass fashion and custom made & ready to wear.
Course Content
- Menswear, women's wear and kidswear
- Menswear-shirts, trousers, formal jackets, suit and sporty suit
- Womenswear-dresses, blouses, skirts, trousers, kameez, saris and blouses
- Kids wear-categories of children for <1 year-15 years various garments like frocks, skirts, blouses, trousers, dungarees, jackets etc. Highlighting the need of age group for which they are designed.
- Trims used for the fashion apparel
- Hi-fashion-custom and ready to wear, the fashion brand (National & International)
- Mass fashion-ready to wear, Mass RTW brands (National & International)
Teaching Methodology: Illustrated lectures with slides and visuals.
Reference Text: Concept to consumer by Gini Stephens Frings
Encyclopaedia of Fashion details
Unit-IV: Basics of Garment Making 20 Marks (Theory) 80 Periods and 15 Marks (Practical)
Objectives of the Course
- To assemble a garment
- To construct a bodice using different seams
- To make a placket for bodice opening
- To finish a neckline by both piping and facing
- To set in a sleeve in the arm hole
- To put gathers or pleats in the skirt and finish the waist with a waist band or attach a bodice.
Learning Outcome
After finishing the course, the learners would be able to:
- join various parts of the garment and construct a complete garment
- finish a bodice
- set in the sleeve
- stitch a skirt
Course Content
- Fabric types and selection of underlining, interfacing, inter-lining and lining.
- Marking methods and preparing fabric for cutting
- Pattern layout and cutting of special fabrics
- Assembling of bodice using different seams and appropriate finish for side seam and shoulder seams.
- Concept of slit and seam plackets. Various plackets and placement of fasteners on different parts of the garment.
- Appropriate neckline finishes with piping, bias facing and shaped facing. Importance and use of stay stitching.
- Sleeve attachment to the bodice by setting in the sleeve into armhole.
- Assembling of skirts, finishing gathers and pleats in a waistband.
Final Product
Constructing a skirt and blouse using pattern template.
Teaching Methodology: Illustrated lectures with slides, visuals and demonstrations whereever required.
Evaluation Criteria
- Understanding of the assignment given
- Quality of the work submitted
- Daily assessment to be done after each student presents their work
- Marks would be given for level of improvement of work
- 10% marks to be given for punctuality, regularity and sincerity
- Timely completion of the project.
Reference Text: Encyclopaedia of dressmaking by Marshall Cavendish Readers Digest book of Sewing
Encyclopaedia of Sewing
Class-XII Practicals
- Prepare draft and test fit according to the measurements of the dressform the following-womenswear basic block, sleeve block, skirt block, collars-Chinese and Peterpan
- Exercises on dart manipulation using slash and spread method
Garment Stitching and Finishing
- Darts
- Waist bands
- Pockets
- Placket-slit and seam
- Neckline finish
- Sleeve attachments
- Construction of garment-skirt and blouse using pattern templates
- End term project
- Viva voce and portfolio
Lab Requirement for a Batch of 30 Students
Lab size-35ft x 20 ft (minimum). AC environment
Item | Nos. |
Industrial sewing machines with power (costs at least Rs. 4, 500/-each) | 30 |
Pattern making tables 5 ft x 4 ft (cork top) | 8 (4 students/tab) |
Dress forms (half) costs Rs. 8000/-each | 30 (one per student) |
Steam irons@Rs.. 1000/-4 | Ironing boards@Rs.. 500/-4 |
Soft boards | All around the wall |
Stools | 30 |
White board | 1 |
Black board | 1 |
Approximate cost will be Rs. 5, 00, 000/-Selection criteria of school They should have ability to provide appropriate environment, space, equipment, machinery and maintenance, trained faculty, exclusive library for the course, willingness to upgrade facility and faculty.